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Abyev`‡Ki DrmM©: m`¨ AKvj cÖqvZ AbyRv cÖwZg wd‡ivRv bvwM©m Wwji ¯§„wZi D‡Ï‡k¨

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eZ©gv‡b H mv¤ªv‡R¨i Ae‡kliƒ‡c hv we`¨gvb Av‡Q Zvn‡jv KwZcq Qwo‡q wQwU‡q _vKv AÂjmg~n (territories), ‡hgb wReªvjUvi, dKj¨vÛm Øxc Ges `ywbqvi `~iZg emevmK…Z Øxc, wUª÷vb Wv Kzbnv (Tristan da Cunha)|
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m‡Z‡iv kZ‡K weªwUk Øxccy‡Äi evB‡i mv¤ªv‡R¨i we¯ÍviY ïiæ nq| 1609G Bs‡iR I ¯‹U emwZ¯’vcbKvix‡`i Avqvij¨v‡Û cvVv‡bv nq ÒPlantation of UlsterÓ ¯’vcb Ki‡Z| ‡bwUf‡`i DrLvZ K‡i A_ev Zv‡`i cÖRvq iƒcvšÍwiZ K‡i Zviv Rwgi Dbœqb K‡ib| weªwUk, IjÛvR I divwmiv mK‡j Zv‡`i wb‡R‡`i AvBwbK Rj`my¨Zv K¨vwiweq A‡j cÖwZwôZ K‡ib|

DËi Av‡gwiKvi fvwR©wbqv‡Z cÖ_g w`‡Ki weªwUk emwZ¯’vcbKvix‡`i Lv`¨ A‡š^l‡Y I Drcv`‡b mnvqZv K‡ib ¯’vbxq Alginquin RbMY| wKš‘ emwZ¯’vcbKvix‡`i GKevi wbqš¿Y cÖwZwôZ n‡q †M‡j, Zviv †bwUf‡`i weiæ‡× ÒjvMvZvi hy×Ó (Perpetual war) hy× †NvlYv K‡ib c~Y© wbqš¿Y cÖwZôvKi‡Y| Zviv MÖvg¸wj ¸wo‡q †`q, km¨vejx Dc‡o †`q Ges RbMY‡K Òb„ZvwË¡Kfv‡eÓ DrLvZ K‡i| 1623G weªwUkMY A¨vjMbKzBb‡`i mv‡_ Av‡jvPbvq e‡m| Zviv welwgwkÖZ g` cwie‡kb K‡i hv‡Z 20 †bwUf g„Zz¨eiY K‡ib|
RbMY KL‡bv KL‡bv fz‡jv hvq †h ÒgvwK©b AwfhvÎx‡`iÓ A‡bK c~‡e©B weªwUk emwZiv c~e©-DËi Av‡gwiKvi †bwUf‡`i DrLvZ K‡i| wKQz Rb‡Mvôxi `yf©vM¨ GZUvB †h Zviv  Dfq AwfhvÎx‡`i Øviv AvµvšÍ nq| †P‡ivwK Rb‡Mvôx emevm Ki‡Zb c~e© A¨vcvjvwmqvb ce©Zgvjvq | Zviv weªwUk‡`i ejcÖ‡qv‡M cwð‡g †h‡Z eva¨ nb Ges cieZ©x‡Z Avevi AvµvšÍ nq gvwK©b Ò¯úó cÖZxqgvb wbqwZÓ (Manifest destiny) Øviv| weRq Awewgwkª  wQj bv| AvR‡Ki w`‡b hv‡K wcUmevM© ejv nq Zvi wbK‡U weªwUk †mbv`j 600 †bwUf Av‡gwiKvb †Mwij Øviv nVvr AvµvšÍ nq| Av‡gwiKvq weªwUk evwnbxi cÖavb †Rbv‡ij GWIqvW© eª¨vWKmn nvRvi nvRvi ˆmb¨ g„Zz¨eiY K‡i| †bwUfiv divwm‡`i mv‡_ ˆgÎx‡RvU †eu‡awQj Ges GUv cÖvqB NU‡Zv †h GKwU mv¤ªvR¨ev`x kw³ AciwUi weiæ‡× we‡`ªvnx‡`i mvnv‡h¨ GwM‡q Avm‡Zv| Zviv KL‡bv wbf©i‡hvM¨ wgÎ wQj bv|
Dcwb‡ek¸‡jv‡Z cÖ_‡g ZvgvK Ges cieZ©x‡Z wPwb Drcv`b Kiv nq Ges Zvi A‡bK c~‡e© Avwd«Kvb `vmmg~n kÖgkw³i †hvMvb w`w”Qj| UªvÝ-AvUjvw›UK `vm e¨emv‡q DbœwZi †K‡›`ª wQ‡jv weª‡Ub| GwU †_‡K evbv‡bv UvKv w`‡q A‡bK e¨vsK I e¨emvq cÖwZôvb ¯’vcb Kiv nq, †h¸‡jv GLb ch©šÍ wU‡K Av‡Q|
wKš‘ `vmcÖ_v cÖ‡Z¨KwU ch©v‡q cÖwZ‡iv‡ai m¤§yLxb nq| 1760G RvgvBKv‡Z nvRvi nvRvi `vm we‡`ªvn K‡i| ivRKxq BwZnvmwe` GWIqvW© js Zv‡`i †bZv U¨vwK‡K GB e‡j LvwiR K‡i †`b †h ÒAmvaviY cÖwZfvevb wn‡m‡e `„k¨gvb nbwbÓ| wKš‘ `vmMY weªwUk †mbv‡`i `vwe‡q ivL‡Z mg_© nq eQ‡ii AwaKKvj a‡i| Toussaint L’Ouverture whwb divwm Jcwb‡ewkK‡`i  DrLvZ K‡ib, Zuvi †bZ…‡Z¡ msNwUZ e„nËg `vm we‡`ªv‡n weªwUkiv n¯Í‡ÿ‡ci †Póv K‡i| wKš‘ mv¤ªvR¨ AcgvbKi civRq eiY K‡i|
mv¤ªv‡R¨i ÒwkÿvÓ (moral) `vmZ¡-we‡ivax‡Z cwieZ©b cÖ‡Yvw`Z nq `vmwe‡`ªvnmg~n Ges weªwUk cyuwRZ‡š¿i  cwiewZ©Z cÖ‡qvRbmg~‡ni mgš^q Øviv| kvmK‡kÖYxi GKvsk wn‡me K‡l †`‡L †h kÖwgK‡`i †kvlY K‡i Zviv Av‡iv gybvdv jyU‡Z cv‡i, Ges ‡mwUB AvšÍR©vwZK `vm e¨emv‡qi Aemv‡b Zv‡`i eva¨ K‡i, GB Aemvb Zv‡`i we‡`kx cÖwZ‡hvMx‡`i ÿwZMÖ¯’ Ki‡Z mg_©| Zv‡`i fÛvwg ¯úócÖZxqgvb wQj| 1833G mv¤ªv‡R¨ `vmcÖ_v evwZ‡ji ci `vmgvwjK‡`i ÿwZc~iY †`qv nq, wKš‘ `vm‡`i †Kv‡bv ÿwZc~iY †`qv nq bv| GB `vmgvwjK‡`i `L‡j _vKv `vm‡`i †i‡L †`qvi AbygwZ †`qv nq, KviY Zviv wQj gvwjK‡`i Òm¤úwËÓ| weªwUkiv Zvi gvwK©b Dcwb‡ek nviv‡j Gwkqv Ges c‡i Avwd«Kvi w`‡K bRi †`q| fviZ wQj Zv‡`i “Jewell in the Crown”, †mB fviZ kvmb Ki‡Z Av‡m cÖ_‡g LwÛZfv‡e| weªwUk B÷ BwÛqv †Kv¤úvwb cÖ_g w`‡K Zv‡`i cÖwZwôZ †UªwWs †cv÷mg~n †h GjvKv¸‡jv‡Z we`¨gvb wQ‡jv, †m¸‡jvi wbqš¿Yfvi †bq, Zvici `ªæZ f~fvM Af¨šÍ‡i avweZ nq| GB cÖwµqv‡Z Zviv we`¨gvb wkíKviLvbvmg~n, we‡klZ †U·UvBj wgj¸‡jv DˇivËi iæMœ K‡i †d‡j| weª‡U‡bi wgj-d¨v±wimg~‡n ißvwbi Rb¨ B÷ BwÛqv †Kv¤úvwb  fviZxq KuvPv Zzjv gRy` K‡i, Zvici †`kxq evRvimg~n fvwm‡q †`q m¯Ív e¯¿m¤¢vi w`‡q, GmeB Zviv K‡i gy³ e¨emv‡qi bv‡g|
wKš‘ `vmZ¡ m‡Ë¡I, GUv Lye `~‡ii K_v bq †h fvi‡Zi RbMY weªwUk kvmb‡K wb›`v K‡i Ges GB kvm‡bi weiæ‡× msMwVZ nq| weªwUk fviZxq †mbvevwnbxi fviZxq ‰mwbKMY we‡`ªvn msNwUZ K‡ib Ges 1857G Zv‡`i e›`yK¸‡jv Bs‡iR Awdmvi‡`i w`‡K ZvK K‡i| kn‡ii ci kni we‡`ªvnx‡`i wbKU c`vbZ nq Ges GgbwK ivRavbx w`jøxI Zv‡`i `L‡j Av‡m|
weªwUkiv AegvwbZ nq Ges wbôzi cÖwZ‡kva †bq| Ae‡k‡l w`jøx weªwUk wbqš¿‡Y G‡j GKRb mv¤ªvR¨ev`x DjøwmZfv‡e cieZ©x‡Z msNwUZ g¨vmvKvi m¤ú‡K© wb¯ú„nfv‡e  ¯§iY K‡ib|
ÒwKQz evwo‡Z 40I 50 Rb gvbyl jywK‡qwQj| Zviv we‡`ªvnx wQj bv, eis bMixi evwm›`v wQj| Zviv ÿgvi Rb¨ Avgv‡`i g„`y kvm‡b wek¦vm ivL‡Zb| Avwg e‡j Avbw›`Z †h Zviv nZvk n‡qwQj|Ó wZwb `‡¤¢vw³ K‡iwQ‡jb|
RR© KvU©vi ‡÷›U bv‡g GKRb weªwUk ‰mwbK we‡`ªvnx‡`i Rb¨ cQ‡›`i kvw¯Í Ae‡jvKb K‡iwQ‡jb, wZwb ¯§iY K‡ib Ñ †mwU wQj  Òe›`yK w`‡q Dwo‡q †`qvÓ| ÒhLb e›`yK w`‡q ¸wj Kiv nq, Zvi g¯ÍK 40 ev 50 dzU evZv‡m Dc‡i DV‡Z †`Lv hvq, `ywU evû evZv‡m A‡bK Dc‡i Wv‡b ev‡q D‡o hvq Ges m¤¢eZ 100 MR `~‡i cwZZ nq, cv¸‡jv e›`y‡Ki gy‡Li bx‡P gvwU‡Z cwZZ nq Ges †`nwU AbwZiwÄZfv‡e m¤ú~Y©Z D‡o hvq,Ó wZwb †KŠZzK”Q‡j eqvb K‡ib |
wKš‘ Gi ewa©Z b„ksmZv m‡Ë¡I mv¤ªvR¨ †UKmB nqwb| AwaK we‡`ªvn Ges cÖwZØ›Øx‡`i AvµgY weªwUk‡`i eva¨ K‡i Zv‡`i jyÚbK…Z m¤ú‡`i GKwU Ask ÒZv‡`i †UwiUwimg~nÓGi iÿ‡Y ¯’vbvšÍi Ki‡Z|
GKBmg‡q bqv A_©‰bwZK kw³mg~‡ni DÌvb NUwQj| GB kw³mg~‡ni mg„w× NUwQj weªwU‡bi wbqš¿Y e¨wZ‡i‡K hv weª‡Ub Zvi Dcwb‡ek¸‡jv‡Z cÖ‡qvM Ki‡Zv|
kxNªB GB bqv ÿgZvmg~n mv¤ªvR¨‡K P¨v‡jÄKi‡Yi kw³ AR©b K‡iwQj Ges weRq AR©b K‡iwQj|
Description: 19th Century illustration of British massacres in India
fvi‡Z weªwUk g¨vmvKv‡ii Ewbk kZ‡Ki GKwU wPÎKg©|

‡mvk¨vwj÷ IqvK©vi AbjvBb †_‡K Abyev`K…Z

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